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Forging performance is the ability of metal materials to withstand plastic deformation without breaking during forging. It mainly depends on the plasticity of the metal. The better the plasticity, the better the forgeability of the metal. All kinds of steel and most non-ferrous metals and alloys have certain plasticity, so they can be forged in hot or cold state. After the metal material is forged, the internal pores can be welded, the fine shrinkage cavities can be dispersed and compacted, and the density of the metal can be increased; the columnar crystals and coarse grains in the cast state can be crushed into fine grains, and the hardness of the metal can be improved. mechanical properties.
Mechanical properties refer to the mechanical characteristics of materials when subjected to various external loads (tension, compression, bending, torsion, impact, alternating stress, etc.) under different environments (temperature, medium, humidity).
Welding performance refers to the adaptability of metal materials to the welding process: Since welding is an uneven heating process, metal materials with good thermal conductivity and small shrinkage have better welding performance. The welding performance is good, the shape and size of the metal can be kept unchanged after welding, no weld seam is produced, and the welded joint has sufficient strength. The chemical composition of steel determines the quality of steel welding performance to a large extent. Among various elements, carbon has the greatest influence. In general, as the carbon content increases, the weldability of the steel deteriorates. The welding performance of metal materials is not static. For the same metal material, different welding methods and welding materials (welding rods or wires) may be used, and its welding performance may be very different. For example, it is difficult to guarantee the quality of cast iron welding with ordinary steel electrodes, but the quality is very good with nickel-based electrodes.